Student+Activity

=How does our Body Work?=

__Day 1: Digestive Day__
What happens to the food we eat? Watch the Magic School Bus video on the Digestive System.

**Review: What have we learned?**

 * Once the food enters our mouth, our teeth cut and grind all of our food. __ Why? __
 * Now that all of our food is in little pieces our body can easily swallow the food. __ Where does it go? __
 * The food goes down into a pipe called the Esophagus. The long pipe squeezes all the food down like a tube of tooth paste! __ Where does it all go then? __
 * The esophagus squeezes the food down into our stomach. __What is so special about our stomach?__
 * It is filled with stomach juices that help turn solid food into liquid. __What are these juices called?__
 * The stomach acid is important because it turns all of our food into liquid so it can easily go into the Small Intestine. __How does it get there?__
 * The stomach opens up for liquid food to pass through a stomach valve into the small intestine. __What does the small intestine do?__
 * The small intestine is covered with little villi that absorb all the nutrients and energy from the liquid food. __Why?__
 * Once the Villi absorb all the good stuff our body need it gives it to the blood stream where it then is delivered all through your body. __What happens to the left overs?__
 * The left overs is what the body doesn't need and wants to get rid of. __How does this happen?__
 * After all the good stuff is used up from the food, our body moves all the left overs to the Large intestine. __Why?__
 * The large intestine is important because it soaks up all the water from the left overs.
 * Once the left overs are dry and have gone through the large intestine they are then sent to the rectum. __What is the rectum?__
 * The rectum is a muscle we use to throw away waste from our body. T__hrow away waste, what does that mean?__
 * When our body throws away waste that is when we need to use the restroom.

**Activity: Coloring and Labeling**
For this activity you are going to get a hand out of the the parts covered today. You will color and label each part, making sure to keep the labeling *inside* the drawing. We will then cut out the picture and save it for an activity we will finish another day.

__Day 2: Skeletal System__
Why do we need bones? Watch the video How our body works: Bones Video just click the link.

**Review: Skeletal System**

 * We need our bones in order to give our body support. __What kind of things can you do because of your bones?__
 * Our bones make up our skeletal system. __How many are there?__
 * There are 206 bones in our body. __Half of them belong where?__
 * Half of our bones belong in our hands and feet, while the rest protect our organs. __Which organs do you think need protecting?__
 * Our ribs, pelvis and spinal cord all protect our digestive system.The skull is a bone that protects our brain. __Why is this important?__
 * This is important because unlike our bones most of our organs aren't very strong and cant protect them selves. If we fall down our bones protect our organs.
 * Our bones come in all shapes and sizes; __what is the largest bone in our body?__
 * The femur is the longest and biggest bone in our body. Its so big because we use it so much. __How do you use your femur?__
 * All of our bones are connected together by cartilage. __Where do we have a lot of cartilage in our body?__
 * All of our bones contain a lot of calcium in them. __Where can we get calcium?__
 * We get calcium from milk and dairy products. This is why its so important to drink all your milk for dinner time. __What is a dairy product?__

**Activity 2: Skeletal System**
Part I: For this part of the activity you need to label all the major bones on the worksheet Bones 1. Make sure that each word only gets used once. Part II: For the next part I would like you to draw a picture of what they would look like without any bones. **¹**

¹ They are welcome to draw any person or animal. The purpose is that they understand that our bones is what gives us our shape while supporting our body's.

__Day 3 : The Heart__
What does the heart do? Activity 3: Part II - Do before Video. How the Body Works: The Heart video.

**Review: The Heart**

 * The Heart is the center of the Cardiovascular System.
 * The heart is the size of your fist. __Who's Heart is bigger mine or yours?__
 * __Where is your heart located?__ Your heart is located in the middle-left side of your chest. __What does it do there?__
 * The Heart pumps blood through the body using your arteries and veins.
 * Blood carries oxygen to the body and also gets rid of Carbon Dioxide and other wastes out of the body. __What is this movement called?__
 * This movement is called Circulation.
 * The Heart has 4 chambers. __What are they?__
 * Your heart is made up of the right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle and the left atrium, working together. __What do they do?__
 * Atria on both sides of the heart receive incoming blood first. Then the blood is sent down to the ventricle to be pumped out. __Since they both pump blood in and out equally, what is so special about both sides?__
 * The right side of the heart is poor oxygenated blood. The heart pumps the blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs. __Why does you blood go to the lungs?__
 * Once the blood reaches the lungs it takes oxygen from the lungs and gets ride of waste from the blood. __What happens next?__
 * After the blood becomes full of oxygen from the lungs it then goes into the left side of the heart to be pumped to the rest of the body. __What controls the flow?__
 * 4 valves inside your heart controls the blood flow and moves your blood in the right direction. __What is special about our 4 heart valves?__
 * When you listen to your heart beat, the noise you hear is the valves opening and closing.
 * We measure the force of the blood as it flows through the circulatory system, what is it called?
 * This is called blood pressure. __What does the top number mean?__ The top number is the systolic pressure and its the pressure of the blood on the arteries while the heart beats and pushes blood through the valves. __What is the bottom number?__
 * The bottom number when measuring blood pressure is called diastolic pressure. Diastolic pressure is the pressure of the blood in the arteries in between heart beats.
 * __Did you know your heart is a muscle?__
 * How do we keep our heart healthy? We can keep our heart healthy by eating our fruits and vegetables and also exercising.


 * Activity 3: The Heart**

For this Activity __Part I:__ I would like you to label and color the picture I have for this lesson. Once you have this completed I would like you to make sure and save this for an activity we will do later. __Part II:__ For this part of the activity we are going to exercise! I would like you to do as many jumping jacks as your can. Once you are all tired out I would like you to lay down and feel your heart beat. Why is it so loud? Why is it beat faster? What is your heart doing?

__Day 4: The Nervous System__
How do we keep our brain healthy? How the body works: The brain video.

**Review: The brain and nervous system**

 * __What is the nervous system?__ The nervous system is known as the information station. Your nervous system controls everything you do. __Like what?__
 * The Nervous system is made up of the brain, spinal cord and the nerves in our body. __Why do we call it the nervous system?__
 * We call it the nervous system because its made up of billions and billions of nerve cells. __What does this have to do with the brain?__
 * Billions of these cells make up the brain. The brain also controls the whole nervous system. __Tell me something interesting about the brain?__
 * The brain weights as much as 3 pounds on an average person. __Who has a bigger brain me or you?__
 * The brain is made up of a few different parts. __Do you know what they are?__
 * The cerebrum controls our ability to think, speak and move around. __Do we all need these things?__
 * Cerebellum controls coordination and balance. __Who uses a lot of coordination and balance?__ Maybe skaters or football players?
 * The Thalamus controls your sensory organs. __What are these?__
 * Sensory organs are anything you use to feel your 5 senses. __What are they?__
 * The Thalamus controls our eyes, ears, skin, tongue and nose. __What is the last part of the brain?__
 * The brain stem controls breathing, heart beat and digestion. __What is so special about what the brain stem controls?__
 * The brain stem controls everything we can't control on our own. __Can you control your heart beat?__
 * The brain stem also connect our heads to the rest of our body by connecting to the spinal cord. __Where is your spinal cord?__
 * The spinal cord acts as a super highway for your body. This means the spinal cord sends messages from your body to your brain and back. __How fast does this happen?__
 * These messages are tiny electrical signals that can travel as fast as 200 miles per hour. That's as fast as the cars in Nascar!.
 * Your nerves let you feel sensation like hot and cold or even sweet and sour. __What else do these nerves tell our brain?__
 * __How do we keep our brain healthy?__ We can keep our brain healthy by being safe and doing puzzles. Everything time you do homework or think you are exercising your brain!

**Activity 4 : The brain**
For this activity __Part I:__ I would like you to complete the  word find and also label the picture given of the brain. You can find both of these in Activity 4 or click on the links. Make sure to only label everything once. __Part II:__ I would like you to make a list of ten things you do throughout your day using one of the parts of your brain. Example: I walk every day using my Cerebrum. If there isn't enough time they may finish this part at home for homework.

__Day 5: Our Body__
Changing it up a little bit I would like for us to use this day as a make up day for our coloring activities and for our final activity called Our Body.

**Activity: Our Body**
I am going to bring big sheets of recycled paper, one for each of you with a few extras. With my help we are going to trace the outline of your body. Once we have you on the paper you are going to take the time and paste all the parts from the previous activities onto your body. You will be placing your colorings of the Digestive system, Heart, Brain and Spinal cord, and a few bones that you have learned.

Once this is done you will then right about those body parts on your paper. I would like for you to tell me what the body part does or how it helps your body. You may also color your page whatever you would like because you will be presenting these at the end of class.

Part II: I would also like to take this time and go over any questions we have about the body and to show off our stuff! You are going to get up and show the classroom your drawing of you and all the stuff it takes to make you you!